Name: 
 

Cell Cycle, DNA Replication, Mitosis, Meiosis


Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 
 
The following diagram shows one end of a replication bubble.  Labels “1” through “6” point at separate objects.  “7” and “8” point at the two separate strands of the molecule.

Answer the following questions based on your understanding of replication and this diagram.
nar001-1.jpg
 

 1. 
Which statement is true?
a.
The enzyme labeled “1” breaks covalent bonds to separate the double stranded DNA.
b.
The enzyme labeled “2” adds DNA nucleotides to the 5’ end of the new, extending strand of DNA.
c.
“4” is the promoter sequence.
d.
“7” points at the 3’ end of DNA.
e.
The enzyme labeled “3” creates RNA primers necessary for DNA polymerase.
 

 2. 
The two, newly synthesized, DNA molecules at the replication fork can be described as the “leading” and “lagging” strands.  Which of the following statements is false?
a.
The top strand is the leading strand.
b.
The leading strand must be created in multiple fragments that are later connected by the enzyme ligase.
c.
Starting at the origin of replication, the leading strand requires a single RNA primer.
d.
Both (a) and (b) are false.
e.
Both (b) and (c) are false.
 
 
Answer the following questions based on the diagram below:
nar002-1.jpg
 

 3. 
Order the stages of the cell cycle correctly.
a.
1, 4, 3, 2.
b.
1, 2, 4, 3.
c.
1, 3, 4, 2.
d.
4, 1, 2, 3.
e.
4, 3, 1, 2.
 

 4. 
Chromatin is found in which stage?
a.
1
b.
2
c.
3
d.
4
e.
DNA is diffused into chromatin in all stages.
 

 5. 
Which stage is characterized by the condensing of DNA into chromosomes and the breakdown of the nuclear membrane?
a.
1
b.
2
c.
3
d.
4
e.
None of the above.
 
 
The following diagram shows a cross section of a plant root tip.  Answer the questions based on your ability to identify the stage of the cell cycle the cells are in.
nar003-1.jpg
 

 6. 
Which cell is most likely to be in interphase?
a.
1
b.
2
c.
3
d.
5
e.
6
 

 7. 
Which cell no longer contains DNA organized as sister chromatids?
a.
1
b.
2
c.
3
d.
4
e.
All of the above.
 
 
The next two questions refer to the following diagram.  1, 3, and 5 refer to the actual structure represented by the diagram.  2 and 4 refer to the event/stage represented by the arrow.

nar004-1.jpg
 

 8. 
DNA replication occurs:
a.
Before structure (1) forms.
b.
During process (2).
c.
During interphase.
d.
Both (a) and (c).
e.
Both (b) and (c).
 

 9. 
Diagram (3) represents:
a.
centromeres.
b.
chromatin.
c.
a single molecule of DNA.
d.
two molecules of DNA that are exact copies of each other.
e.
homologous chromosomes.
 

 10. 
Process (4) is:
a.
Interphase.
b.
Metaphase.
c.
Anaphase.
d.
Telophase.
e.
Meiosis.
 
 
The following graph tracks the amount of DNA in a single nucleus through the cell cycle.  Answer the questions based on the graph.
nar005-1.jpg
 

 11. 
Stages I, II, and III are part of:
a.
Interphase
b.
Prophase
c.
Metaphase
d.
Mitosis
e.
Meiosis
 

 12. 
Sister chromatids are found in which of the following stages?
a.
I
b.
V
c.
VI
d.
VII
e.
Both (I) and (V)
 
 
The following graph tracks the amount of DNA in a single nucleus through the process of meiosis.  Answer the questions based on the graph.
nar006-1.jpg
 

 13. 
Meiosis I is which group of the following stages?
a.
I, II, III
b.
IV, V, VI, VII
c.
VIII, IX, X, XI
d.
I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII
e.
None of the above combinations
 

 14. 
Which of the following statements is false?
a.
Tetrads form during IV.
b.
Cells are diploid during IV.
c.
Cells are diploid during XII.
d.
DNA is replicated once during this process.
e.
The cell divides twice during this process.
 

 15. 
During which stage is the amount of DNA in the cell characterized as 1n?
a.
I
b.
IV
c.
VII
d.
XII
e.
None of the above.
 
 
Answer the following questions based on your understanding of the events going on in the cell diagramed below.
nar007-1.jpg
 

 16. 
Which statement is false?
a.
n=2.
b.
There are two tetrads in the diagram.
c.
Crossing over may be occurring during this stage.
d.
This diagram represents a stage of mitosis.
e.
There are two pairs of homologous chromosomes in the diagram.
 

 17. 
This diagram shows a cell during a stage of cell division.  This type of division accomplishes which of the following:
a.
Creates gametes.
b.
“Shuffles” genetic material from the individual to create genetically unique daughter cells.
c.
Reduces chromosome number to half that of other cells in the body.
d.
Both (a) and (b)
e.
All of the above
 
 
Answer the following questions based on this diagram:

nar008-1.jpg
 

 18. 
Which statement is true?
a.
The karyotype was taken from a male.
b.
The karyotype shows 22 chromosomes.
c.
The karyotype belongs to an individual with trisomy 21.
d.
The DNA shown here must have been taken from a cell in interphase.
e.
Each chromosome is made up of multiple molecules of DNA.
 

 19. 
The cause of the above disorder is most likely:
a.
Genetic mutations in DNA sequence.
b.
Cells’ inability to complete cytokinesis after mitosis.
c.
Nondisjunction during meiosis.
d.
Nondisjunction during mitosis.
e.
Caused by an toxin that interrupts the regulation of the cell cycle.
 

 20. 
Which statement regarding normal human karyotype and human chromosomes is false?
a.
There are 22 pairs of autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes.
b.
There are a total of 46 molecules of DNA.
c.
The karyotype shows a diploid number of chromosomes.
d.
The karyotype shows DNA molecules that are condensed.
e.
There are 46 homologous pairs of chromosomes in a human.
 

 21. 
In mitosis, if a parent cell has 16 chromosomes, each daughter cell will have how many chromosomes?
a.
64
b.
32
c.
16
d.
8
e.
4
 

 22. 
Cells two sets of genetic information are described by the term
a.
polyploid.
b.
diploid.
c.
triploid.
d.
haploid.
e.
tetraploid.
 

 23. 
If a parent cell has 16 chromosomes and undergoes meiosis, the resulting cells will have how many chromosomes?
a.
64
b.
32
c.
16
d.
8
e.
4
 

 24. 
Homologous chromosomes
a.
may exchange parts during meiosis.
b.
have alleles for the same characteristics even though the gene expression may not be
      the same.
c.
are in pairs, one chromosome of each pair from the father and one from the mother.
d.
pair up during meiosis.
e.
all of these
 

 25. 
Crossing over is one of the most important events in meiosis because
a.
it produces new arrays of alleles on chromosomes.
b.
homologous chromosomes must be separated into different daughter cells.
c.
the number of chromosomes allotted to each daughter cell must be halved.
d.
homologous chromatids must be separated into different daughter cells.
e.
all of these
 

 26. 
The appropriate adjective to describe DNA replication is
a.
nondisruptive.
b.
semiconservative.
c.
progressive.
d.
natural.
e.
lytic.
 

 27. 
DNA polymerase
a.
is an enzyme.
b.
adds new nucleotides to a strand.
c.
proofreads DNA strands to see that they are correct.
d.
derives energy from ATP for synthesis of DNA strands.
e.
all of these
 

 28. 
You are the director of research for a drug company.  A list of candidate drugs is brought to you. Which of the following shows the greatest promise as a cancer chemotherapy agent? A drug that
a.
prevents tetrad formation.
b.
prevents crossing over.
c.
prevents sister chromatids from separating at anaphase.
d.
causes cells to divide at a right angle from their usual orientation.
e.
interferes with cellular respiration.
 

 29. 
Two chromosomes in a nucleus that carry loci for the same traits in the same positions on the chromosome but specify different versions of some traits constitute a pair of
a.
complementary chromosomes.
b.
homologous chromosomes.
c.
polyploid chromosomes.
d.
heterologous chromosomes.
e.
None of the choices are correct.
 

 30. 
Nondisjunction occurs when
a.
a portion of a chromosome breaks off and is lost.
b.
two chromosomes fuse into one.
c.
members of a chromosome pair fail to separate.
d.
chromosomes replicate too many times.
e.
an entire pair of chromosomes is lost during meiosis I.
 



 
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