Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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The primitive earth's atmosphere did NOT contain
a. | water vapor. | b. | free nitrogen. | c. | free
hydrogen. | d. | free oxygen. | e. | inert gases. |
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2.
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Experiments like those first performed by Stanley Miller in 1953 demonstrated
that
a. | DNA forms readily and reproduces itself. | b. | many of the lipids,
carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleotides required for life can form under abiotic
conditions. | c. | complete, functioning prokaryotic cells are formed after approximately three
months. | d. | a lipid-protein film will eventually be formed by thermal
convection. | e. | all of these |
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3.
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The primitive template that was thought to be used for early protein
synthesis (polymerization) was
a. | stratified mica crystals. | b. | clay crystals. | c. | the bottoms of tidal
pools. | d. | dried-out mud flats. | e. | pockets in lava
beds. |
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4.
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Protein synthesis on the primordial earth may have been catalyzed by _____
before the evolution of enzymes that were constructed of proteins.
a. | DNA | b. | carbohydrates | c. | amino
acids | d. | RNA (ribozyme) | e. | lightning |
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5.
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The first organisms were most probably
a. | autotrophic. | b. | multicellular. | c. | protozoans. | d. | prokaryotic. | e. | eukaryotic |
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6.
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The presence of free oxygen in the atmosphere
a. | was a result of the accumulation of the byproducts of
photosynthesis. | b. | prevented the further spontaneous generation of life since oxygen is very reactive
and strips electrons therefore organics would be less likely to form | c. | eventually provided
the opportunity to extract more energy through aerobic respiration. | d. | did not occur
immediately after the earth was formed. | e. | all of these |
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7.
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A rod shaped bacterium is called a----. A spiral shaped bacterium is called
---. A round shaped bacteria has a --- shape.
a. | spirillum....coccus.....bacillus | b. | bacillus.....spirillium.....bacillus | c. | coccus....sprillium....bacillus | d. | bacillus....spirillium....cocci |
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8.
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Peptidoglycan is
a. | found in the chromosomes of most bacteria. | b. | composed of
polysaccharides crosslinked with proteins. | c. | composed of long polypeptides held together by
disulfide bridges. | d. | a unique combination of protein lipid and
fat. | e. | found in the chromosomes of most bacteria, and is composed of long polypeptides held
together by disulfide bridges. |
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9.
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The methane-producing bacteria (methanogens) belong to the
a. | archaebacteria. | b. | prokaryotes. | c. | eukaryotes. | d. | urkaryotes. | e. | eubacteria. |
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10.
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The following human disorders can be caused by bacteria EXCEPT
a. | diarrhea. | b. | Lyme disease. | c. | malaria. | d. | botulism. | e. | avian
flu |
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11.
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Which of the following are NOT able to carry on photosynthesis?
a. | cyanobacteria | b. | euglenids | c. | chrysophyta | d. | protozoans | e. | dinoflagellates |
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12.
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"Red tides" and extensive fish kills are caused by population
"blooms" of
a. | Euglena. | b. | specific dinoflagellates. | c. | diatoms. | d. | Plasmodium. | e. | fish. |
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13.
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Mycorrhizae
a. | increase plant growth. | b. | are symbionts. | c. | allow a plant to
absorb more water. | d. | increase the surface area for absorption of
water and minerals. | e. | all of these |
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14.
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The first group with flowers were
a. | algae. | b. | fern allies. | c. | ferns. | d. | angiosperms. | e. | gymnosperms. |
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15.
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Which of the following do not possess vascular tissue?
a. | angiosperms | b. | bryophytes | c. | conifers | d. | ferns | e. | ginkgoes |
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16.
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Ferns are more advanced than mosses because mosses lack which structure found in
ferns?
a. | spores | b. | cuticle | c. | xylem | d. | sporophytes | e. | pollen |
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17.
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All animals are
a. | multicellular, heterotrophic, and diploid. | b. | multicellular,
heterotrophic, and haploid. | c. | multicellular, autotrophic, and
diploid. | d. | multicellular, autotrophic, and haploid. |
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18.
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Which of the following phyla is characterized by radially symmetrical
members?
a. | Arthropoda | b. | Cnidaria | c. | Platyhelminthes | d. | Mollusca | e. | Annelida |
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19.
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Which statement is NOT true?
a. | All chordates have notochords. | b. | All chordates have pharyngeal pouches or
slits. | c. | All chordates have dorsal tubular nerve cords. | d. | All chordates are
vertebrates. | e. | Chordates are found in all major types of
environments. |
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20.
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The only chordate feature still present in the human adult is
a. | pharyngeal gill slits. | b. | nerve cord. | c. | notochord. | d. | tail. | e. | all of
these |
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21.
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Which phylum is most closely related phylogenetically to the first
vertebrates?
a. | Echinodermata | b. | Arthropoda | c. | Mollusca | d. | Annelida | e. | none of
these |
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22.
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The most primitive vertebrates are members of the group of
a. | jawless fishes. | b. | amphibians. | c. | cartilaginous
fish. | d. | birds. | e. | bony fish. |
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23.
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Which of the following was the first class to evolve?
a. | Aves | b. | Reptilia | c. | Osteichthyes | d. | Agnatha | e. | Mammalia |
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24.
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Sharks, rays, and skates belong to what group?
a. | birds | b. | amphibians | c. | cartilaginous
fish | d. | bony fish | e. | reptiles |
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25.
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Exchange of respiratory gases through the skin is a characteristic of
many
a. | fish. | b. | amphibians. | c. | reptiles. | d. | mammals. | e. | birds |
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